A mainstay of fall gardens for generations, chrysanthemums come in a variety of forms and sizes and almost all colors except blue. The most common are cushion mums -- producing low, compact mounds covered in flowers. Others reach 4 feet with single flowers and stems.

There is a chrysanthemum of every flower form including single, double, semi-double, and anemone types. They range in size from small buttons to large pompons. Colors include yellow, gold, red, orange, white, pink, and lavender.

When purchasing mums, be aware that there are two types available: the hardy garden mums, which will last through winter, and the florist's mums, which are just for one fall's show and will not last the winter. Hardy mums are good additions to flower beds and borders, while florist's mums are ideal for temporary displays in containers and windowboxes or indoors.

Mulch in summer to conserve moisture and cover lightly with a light, fluffy mulch after ground freezes to improve the plant's chances of lasting through winter.Florist's mums need little care, other than a steady supply of water.

Planting
Plant established hardy mums in the garden in spring or fall, spacing 1 foot apart. Since their lasting the winter is uncertain, you may want to take stem cuttings each spring when new shoots are 2 inches tall, replanting the most vigorous portions to assure an ongoing supply. Or divide established clumps of mums in spring.

Pests and Diseases
Use insecticidal soap spray to control spider mites and aphid. Remove and destroy all plants with aster-yellows virus. Yellow, stunted leaves are a major symptom of this growth-inhibiting disease.