Food Substitutions Chart

"Always use ingredients,
a recipe does call for,
but if you must substitute,
these will do the chore!"

It's happened to the best of us, in the middle of preparing a recipe one learns the brown sugar canister is empty, or there's simply not enough. If you find yourself in a pinch, this helpful chart may help to save a recipe by suggesting a substitute for the missing ingredient.

1 cup all-purpose flour	=	1 cup plus 2 tablespoon cake flour
1 cup cake flour	=	1 cup minus 2 tablespoons all-purpose flour
1 cup self-rising flour	=	1 cup all-purpose flour, 1 1/2 teaspoons baking powder, and 1/2 teaspoon salt.
1 teaspoon baking powder	=	1 teaspoon baking soda plus 1/2 teaspoon cream of tartar.
1 tablespoon cornstarch	=	2 tablespoons all-purpose flour.
1 tablespoon tapioca	=	1 1/2 tablespoons all-purpose flour.
1 package active dry yeast	=	2 1/4 teaspoons dry or 1 package compressed yeast.
1 cup dry bread crumbs	=	3/4 cup cracker crumbs.
1 cup packed brown sugar	=	1 cup granulated sugar or 2 cups powdered sugar, plus 1 tablespoon molasses.
1 cup honey	=	1 1/4 cups sugar plus 1/4 cup liquid or 1 cup corn syrup or molasses.
1 cup milk	=	1/2 cup evaporated milk plus 1/2 cup water
1 cup buttermilk or sour milk	=	1 tablespoon vinegar or lemon juice plus sweet milk to equal 1 cup.
1 cup heavy cream	=	3/4 cup skim milk plus 1/3 cup butter.
1 cup sour cream	=	7/8 cup sour milk plus 3 tablespoons butter.

1 cup yogurt	=	1 cup buttermilk or sour milk.
1 cup whipping cream, whipped	=	2 cups whipped dessert topping.
2 large eggs	=	3 small eggs.
1 egg	=	2 egg yolks (for custards).
1 egg	=	2 egg yolks plus 1 tablespoon water (for cookies).
1 ounce unsweetened chocolate	=	3 tablespoons baking cocoa plus 1 tablespoon shortening, butter or margarine.
1 ounce semisweet chocolate	=	1 ounce unsweetened chocolate plus 1 tablespoon sugar.
1 cup catsup; ketchup	=	1 cup tomato sauce plus 1/2 cup sugar and 2 tablespoons vinegar.
1 tablespoon prepared mustard	=	1 teaspoon dry mustard.
1 teaspoon lemon juice	=	1 teaspoon vinegar.
1 cup wine	=	1 cup apple juice, apple cider, chicken or beef broth.
1 clove of garlic	=	1/8 teaspoon garlic powder or 1/8 teaspoon instant minced garlic or 3/4 teaspoon garlic salt or 5 drops liquid garlic.
1 medium onion	=	1 tablespoon dried minced onion or 1 teaspoon onion powder.
1 tablespoon fresh herbs	=	1 teaspoon dried herbs or 1/4 teaspoon powdered herbs.
1/4 cup chopped fresh parsley	=	1 tablespoon dried parsley flakes.
1 cup canned tomatoes	=	About 1 1/3 cups chopped tomato, simmered for 10 minutes.
1 cup tomato juice	=	1/2 cup tomato sauce plus 1/2 cup water.
1 pound fresh mushrooms	=	6 ounces canned mushrooms.

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